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辣椒开花结果少、落花落果多？学会这5招，辣椒结果挂满枝头
辣椒原产于南美洲，于明末清初经丝绸之路传入我国，辣椒传入我国后最开始在陕西、甘肃等地种植，因此辣椒又有“秦椒”之称。辣椒营养丰富，既可以当蔬菜食用，也可以作为调料食用，在餐桌上深受消费者喜爱。
辣椒很多人都喜欢种植，我国是世界上最大的辣椒种植国和消费国，但是很多人在种植辣椒的过程中会出现落花落果的现象，导致辣椒的产量严重降低。那么辣椒落花落果是什么原因导致的？如何才能让辣椒挂满枝头？
辣椒落花落果的原因有哪些？附对应的防治解决方法
辣椒在开花结果期发生落花落果的原因有很多种，既有生理方面的原因，也有病理方面的原因，如果我们不对症下药，那么我们做再多的管理也是白搭。导致辣椒落花落果的原因主要有以下6种：
一、温度异常导致辣椒落花落果
辣椒是喜温作物，辣椒在生长期如果温度过高或者温度过低都会影响辣椒生长，从而引发辣椒出现落花、落叶、落果的现象。
辣椒生长期最适宜的温度为20～30℃，当温度低于15℃或者高于35℃时辣椒就容易落花落果。气温过低，会抑制辣椒花芽的分化，会导致辣椒难以授粉，从而引发辣椒落花落果；而当气温过高时，会导致辣椒的花器发育不全或者柱头干枯，辣椒花粉的受精会受到严重影响，从而导致辣椒落花落果。
特别注意：辣椒在夏季高温季节或者冬季保护地栽培的低温环境下，特别容易落花落果，我们要特别留意。对于越夏栽培的辣椒我们可以在移栽时覆盖黑色或者银灰色的地膜，这两种地膜都具有防除杂草、降低土温的功效，非常适宜辣椒越夏栽培。此外我们可以通过覆盖遮阳网、加强棚室内通风、覆盖草苫等方式来调节温度，尽量创造适宜辣椒生长的气温环境。
二、土壤水分不当导致辣椒落花落果
辣椒是浅根系植物，根系发育弱，木栓化程度高，主要根群多分布在深度为15公分内的土层内，辣椒在生长过程中总体表现为既不耐旱、也不耐涝，因此土壤水分过多或者过旱都容易导致辣椒落花落果。
当土壤水分过多时，会抑制辣椒根系的呼吸，辣椒输送养分的能力会变弱，此外土壤水分过多还容易导致辣椒烂根发病，辣椒的花朵和果实易脱落；而当土壤过于干燥时，辣椒会因植株体内供水不协调而引发落花落果，土壤水分不足还会降低果实的膨大速度，果实的表皮易皱缩、弯曲，出现畸形果的概率会加大。
我们在给辣椒浇水时宜小水勤浇，忌讳大水漫灌，辣椒遭水淹没数小时或者田间积水，就容易导致植株成片死亡，因此我们在种植辣椒时不要把辣椒种植在平地上，辣椒宜采用高垄栽培，垄高在20公分以上，这样不仅可以防止植株受涝，而且还便于给辣椒浇水施肥。
特别注意：辣椒在不同生育期对水分的要求不同，辣椒种子在播种时要求把土壤浇透，辣椒种子只有吸收充足的水分后才能出芽；辣椒出苗后，我们保持土壤见干见湿，以防止低温沤根；辣椒苗在移栽时要把土壤浇透，这样有利于缓苗；辣椒开花前，如果土壤不干旱，我们可以不浇水，以防植株旺长；当辣椒开花后，植株对水分的需求量加大，我们可以增大供水，以满足植株茎叶发育以及开花对水分的需求。
当辣椒的门椒（植株下部第一个分叉处结的果实，也就是辣椒的第一个果）开始膨大后，植株对水分的需求量变得迫切，我们应给予充足的水分供应，以确保果实快速膨大，我们可以每隔3～5天浇一次水，浇水不要大水漫灌。一般来说，小果型辣椒品种（特别是干椒）比大果型辣椒品种更加耐旱，因此大果型辣椒宜多浇水。 https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954252997754898https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954252997754898https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954252997754898https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954252997754898https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954253249413140https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954253249413140https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954253249413140https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954253249413140https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954253480099896https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954253480099896https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954253480099896https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954253480099896https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954253761118228https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954253761118228https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954253761118228https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954253761118228https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954254025359406https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954254025359406https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954254025359406https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954254025359406https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954254293794862https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954254293794862https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954254293794862https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954254293794862https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954254536802375https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954254536802375https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954254536802375https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954254536802375https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954255157559331https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954255157559331https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954255157559331https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954255157559331https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954255426256955https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954255426256955https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954255426256955https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954255426256955https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954255732441095https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954255732441095https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954255732441095https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954255732441095https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954255992225873https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954255992225873https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954255992225873https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954255992225873https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954256382558237https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954256382558237https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954256382558237https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954256382558237https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954257095327820https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954257095327820https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954257095327820https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954257095327820https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954257347248141https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954257347248141https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954257347248141https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954257347248141https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954257590517828https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954257590517828https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954257590517828https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954257590517828https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954258005491757https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954258005491757https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954258005491757https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954258005491757https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954258349686818https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954258349686818https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954258349686818https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954258349686818https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954258638831701https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954258638831701https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954258638831701https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954258638831701https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954258886295568https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954258886295568https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954258886295568https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954258886295568https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:4954259054329917https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/1034:4954259054329917https://weibo.com/tv/show/4954259054329917https://h5.video.weibo.com/show/4954259054329917
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